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Eighteen accounts of what is real, each set out in its own terms and each with its own page.
All World Views Does God Exist?The Ash'ari stream of the Islam timeline.
Streams: All of Islam Sunni Islam Twelver Shia Islam Ibadi Islam Mu'tazila Hanbali Sufi Orders Ash'ari Modern Reformist Islam
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari dies in Baghdad, having left the Mu'tazila to defend revealed doctrine with the tools of rational theology; the Ash'ari school he founds becomes, with the Maturidi school, the dominant theology of Sunni Islam.
The Ash'ari theologian and Maliki judge al-Baqillani dies in Baghdad; his works systematize Ash'ari doctrine, including the proof of prophethood and the inimitability of the Qur'an, and carry the school across the Sunni world.
The Seljuk vizier Nizam al-Mulk founds the Nizamiyya in Baghdad, the head of a network of madrasas endowed to teach Shafi'i law and Ash'ari theology; the madrasa becomes the institutional form of Sunni learning, and al-Ghazali holds its chair a generation later.
Al-Ghazali dies at Tus, having left the Nizamiyya chair in spiritual crisis and returned to teaching through Sufism; his Revival of the Religious Sciences joins law, theology, and the Sufi path into the synthesis that shapes Sunni piety for a millennium.
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi dies at Herat; the Ash'ari theologian and polymath's Great Commentary on the Qur'an and his philosophical summae carry Ash'ari theology into its mature, philosophy-engaged form.
