Daoism

The Philosophical Daoism stream of the Daoism timeline.

Streams: All of Daoism Philosophical Daoism Celestial Masters and Zhengyi Shangqing Lingbao Quanzhen

The Early Masters

c. 369-286 BCE

Zhuangzi

Zhuangzi, Zhuang Zhou of Meng, carried the teaching of the Dao into parable and paradox. His book tells of a man who dreamed he was a butterfly and woke unsure which of them was dreaming, of a useless tree that survives because no one can use it, and of Cook Ding, whose blade never dulls because it moves where there is no resistance. Where Laozi addressed rulers, Zhuangzi addressed the captive mind, and his chapters became the tradition's book of freedom.

Meng, in the state of Song
c. 4th-3rd century BCE

Laozi (traditional)

Laozi, the Old Master, is the traditional author of the Daodejing, the short book of eighty-one chapters that teaches rule by non-action and a world ordered by the Dao rather than by force. Tradition makes him an archivist of the Zhou court who, disgusted with its decline, rode west on an ox and wrote the book at the border pass at a gatekeeper's request. The text itself reads as the work of many hands across the fourth and third centuries.

The state of Chu