Forest teachers and their students compose the early Upanishads, turning from the sacrifice to the knowledge of atman and brahman; the texts become the philosophical foundation on which every later school of Vedanta builds its reading.
Tagged: Hindu Shaivism Smarta Tradition Vaishnavism
The Event
- Date
- c. 800–400 BCE (approximate)
- Era
- Indus and Vedic; Standard periodization of Hindu history
- Location
- Northern India; today Northern India
- Traditions
- Hinduism
- Streams
- Smarta Tradition, Shaivism, Vaishnavism
- Key figures
- Yajnavalkya, Uddalaka Aruni
- Key texts
- Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, Chandogya Upanishad
Primary Sources
- Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
- Chandogya Upanishad
Secondary Sources
- Olivelle, Upanisads (Oxford World's Classics, 1996)
- Flood, An Introduction to Hinduism (Cambridge, 1996)
Provenance: HIST-0303; confidence 0.85; accessed 2026-10-27.
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