Muhammad Abduh, Grand Mufti of Egypt and the leading voice of Islamic modernism, dies in Alexandria; his call to reopen interpretation, reconcile Islam with reason and science, and reform education shapes reformist Islam for a century.
Tagged: Modern Reformist Islam Muslim Sunni Islam
The Event
- Date
- 1905 (exact)
- Era
- Modern; Standard periodization of Islamic history
- Location
- Alexandria; today Alexandria, Egypt
- Traditions
- Islam
- Streams
- Modern Reformist Islam, Sunni Islam
- Key figures
- Muhammad Abduh, Jamal al-Din al-Afghani
- Key texts
- Risalat al-Tawhid, Tafsir al-Manar
Primary Sources
- Risalat al-Tawhid
Secondary Sources
- Gelvin, The Modern Middle East: A History (Oxford, 4th ed. 2016)
- Esposito, Islam: The Straight Path (Oxford, 4th ed. 2011)
Provenance: HIST-0248; confidence 0.95; accessed 2026-10-27.
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